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Quantum Computing In 2025Quantum computing involves using quantum physics to perform calculations, which differs from normal semiconductor-based computing methods. Instead of generating 0 and 1 (no current or current), it uses “quantum bits,” called qubits, where particle data is either 0 AND 1 at once, 1, or 0.This could be a game changer for very complex calculations, like climate modeling, cryptography, or the 3D configuration of complex molecules like proteins.It also requires a very different type of hardware than “normal” computing, a field still very much in its infancy, akin to the first microprocessors in the 1970s.You can read more about what makes quantum computing so unique and the challenge in making a mainstream way of performing calculations in “ The Current State of Quantum Computing ”.Recent MilestonesFrom the first proof-of-concept a few years ago, quite a few milestones have been achieved recently, as well as pioneering steps in entirely new ways to do quantum computing:All of these advancements are, for now, mostly academic and made in labs but are likely to be quickly integrated into quantum computers' design by the leading companies in the sector.Especially as the race to produce the first scalable commercial quantum computer heats up, which would be an instant hit with defense departments, financial institutions, pharmaceutical companies, and top research institutes.Here are the 5 top quantum computing companies in 2025.1. Alphabet / GoogleAlphabet Inc. (GOOGL -0.66% )Google is very active in quantum computing, mostly through its Google Quantum AI lab and Quantum AI campus in Santa Barbara.Google's quantum computer made history in 2019 when It claimed to have achieved “quantum supremacy” with its Sycamore machine. The machine performed a calculation in 200 seconds that would have taken a conventional supercomputer 10,000 years.This is now dwarfed by the performance of its newest chip, Willow. Willow is the first quantum computing chip with an error rate low enough that the more qubits you add, the less error you get

Using Optical Fiber For Quantum TeleportationGlobal digital communication relies on the quick and efficient transfer of data at the speed of light through a complex network of optical fibers. This is acceptable for classical computing, which uses binary strings of 0 and 1.However, as quantum computing becomes increasingly close to being a commonly used tool for encryption, scientific research, and other applications, the question of how to transfer quantum data from one quantum computer to another arises.For a long time, this was believed to be almost impossible. Each quantum computer was destined to work in isolation from each other, reducing their potential.This is quickly becoming an important problem to solve for the tech industry, especially as new scalable designs of quantum chips have just been unveiled .So this is an important stepping stone that researchers at Northwestern University, Ciena Corporation, and NuCrypt LCC have discovered: quantum state can be preserved and transferred in optical fiber alongside a “normal” data stream.They published their results in Optica, titled “ Quantum teleportation coexisting with classical communications in optical fiber ”.Quantum TeleportationWhile sounding like some fanciful concept from a science-fiction movie, quantum teleportation is actually a real phenomenon studied for decades.This happens when 2 different particles are “paired/bonded” together, something called quantum entanglement.In this case, when two particles are linked, regardless of the distance between them, they exchange information over great distances — without physically carrying it. In some cases, it could even be possible that the information exchange happens quicker than the speed of light, something theoretically impossible.How it works and what it means for the fundamental aspect of our reality is still hotly debated by quantum physicists. However, we know this is a very real and measurable quantum effect, that could allow for perfectly secured and instantaneous communications.Radically Different CommunicationsA Needle In A Moving HaystackUntil now, it was assumed that no quantum state could be transferred through optical fiber, as any individual entangled photon would be drawn in the other billions traveling with it and lose its unique quantum state.“By performing a destructive measurement on two photons — one carrying a quantum state and one entangled with another photon — the quantum state is transferred onto the remaining photon, which can be very far away. The photon itself does not have to be sent over long distances, but its state still ends up encoded onto the distant photon