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Periodic travel to deployment sites, vendors, and test sites is expected.
Panthalassa designs autonomous, floating energy nodes that harvest power from open-ocean waves. Each node is a solid sphere about 50 meters in diameter with a neck extending 60–70 meters below the surface; wave motion pumps seawater into a pressurized reservoir and drives electricity through a single turbine for onboard use. The system emphasizes a simple, rugged solid‑state design and offshore, autonomous operation, with modular, marine-based energy generation aimed at a high capacity factor (up to 90%). Its goal is reliable, ocean-based power for on-site applications and scalable sea-based energy infrastructure for clean power and fuels, supported by funding from investors like Founders Fund, Gigascale Capital, and Lowercarbon Capital.
Company Size
51-200
Company Stage
Series B
Total Funding
$218.1M
Headquarters
Portland, Oregon
Founded
2016
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The top four underwater and extreme-environment data centres. September 12, 2026 Roshini (Rosh) Bains is the Deputy Editor of Startups Magazine... It's hard to imagine that data centres may find their homes on the ocean floor, but startup founders believe this may be the answer. It's no secret that AI data centres generate vast amounts of heat, so increasingly advanced cooling systems have been developed to handle it and prevent hardware from slowing down, failing or melting. Now traditional cooling methods are falling short, as air cooling, fans and chillers have become inefficient at removing the extreme heat produced by modern AI workloads. To combat this, startups have begun looking to other areas in its planet to cool these data centres down, particularly the ocean. Research into ocean usage in data cooling began over a decade ago. In 2015, Microsoft launched a research initiative, dubbed Project Natick, that tested whether self-sustaining sealed data centres could survive on the ocean floor. The results found that submerged servers proved to be twice as reliable as land-based equivalents, with far fewer failures due to the nitrogen-filled atmosphere and lack of human interaction. The ocean is able to provide near-limitless cooling capacity, minimises land constraints and is also a direct form of access to renewable power. So, in honour of National Data Centre Day, here is a list of the top four underwater and extreme-environment data centres that have the potential to reshape where its data homes are situated. Panthalassa. Panthalassa is a US-based startup that is building autonomous, wave-powered offshore data-centre nodes designed to run AI inference at sea. The node is not anchored, using a hull-shaped propulsion system to steer itself without engines or fuel, meaning it lives out in deep water where the waves are strong. The technology works by using a wave-to-power system. A spherical buoyancy top keeps the node afloat and a long tube extends deep underwater. As waves move the structure up and down, water is forced into the tube, which turns the turbines inside to convert the motion into electricity. AI chips are inside the watertight compartments that hang below the floating node, sealed and kept dry. This allows the ocean to act as a free, passive cooling system, which extends chip life. The results are then sent back to land via Starlink. The company focuses on longer AI inference jobs rather than chatbots or searches. The startup was founded by Garth Sheldon-Coulson, CEO, and Brian Moffat, Chief Innovation Officer, back in 2016. Since its launch, Panthalassa has raised a total of $193 million, with its most recent funding round recorded in May 2026, where the company raised $120 million in a Series B round. Investors include Peter Thiel, Super Micro Computer, Lowercarbon Capital and Marc Benioff's TIME Ventures. The financing helped fund their pilot manufacturing facility in Portland and the deployment of Ocean-3 nodes in 2026. Subsea Cloud. Subsea Cloud is a modular underwater data-centre capsule developer that is designed to cut power usage by 30-40%. The US-based startup seeks to eliminate freshwater consumption entirely by using seawater as the cooling system. The company has developed sealed data-centre capsules that sit underwater. The capsules contain high-density GPU racks, including reservations for 2,048 Nvidia H100 GPUs, cooled directly by surrounding seawater. Their capsules look like giant metal submarine-like boxes that are sealed and dry inside. The capsule connects back to the grid, with power and data travelling through cables to shore. The capsules can be deployed in different locations, scaled or replaced easily. The pods can be deployed quickly and cheaply compared to other underwater data-centre startups. Sam Mendel, CEO, and Eric Kim, CTO, founded the company with an aim to focus on cost reduction in data centres. Both have backgrounds in robotics, underwater systems and renewable energy. Subsea Cloud is still an early-stage startup compared to its competitors but did raise $500k in a seed round backed by Y Combinator in 2024. Aikido. Aikido is a Japan-based offshore infrastructure startup developing floating wind platforms containing full AI data centres. The company bolts the data centres directly onto floating wind turbines. This creates a single steel unit that generates its own renewable power and cools using seawater. The bottom half of the wind turbine is where the data centre is located, including racks of GPUs, servers and cooling systems sealed inside a steel structure. This is called the AO60DC platform. The platform is mostly self-powered. The wind turbine produces 15-18MW of renewable power and the data centre inside uses 10-12MW of that for AI compute. There is a large battery system onboard that stores excess wind power, allowing operations to continue running even when wind drops. The steel hull sits in cold water, which helps cool servers. The platforms are deployed 200 miles from major cities, keeping latency under 10ms and allowing many AI workloads to run fast enough. Aikido is led by CEO Sam Kanner, who positions the company as the next evolution of offshore infrastructure, similar to how oil and gas first exploited deepwater resources decades ago. The company has built a prototype, a proof-of-concept unit has been sent to Norway, and their first commercial project is planned in the UK in 2028. They are also part of the NVIDIA Inception programme, which supports early-stage AI hardware startups. Highlander Hailanyun. Highlander Hailanyun is the developer of China's first commercial wind-powered underwater data centre, located off the coast of Shanghai's Lin-gang Special Area. It is currently the largest and most advanced subsea data-centre deployment in the world, running 2,000 servers at 24MW capacity. They have built subsea data-centre capsules that sit on the seabed and run AI workloads using offshore wind power, deep-sea natural cooling and optical-electrical composite cables. Together, these components create a fully integrated offshore compute system offering power, cooling and servers in one underwater pod. The capsules sit 10-32 feet below the ocean and are dry inside, as well as oxygen- and dust-free, to protect from corrosion. They situate near wind farms of over 50 turbines, which deliver electricity through optical-electrical cables to avoid grid losses. This provides 95% green power. Again, the ocean cools the servers naturally, as deep seawater stays around 15 degrees year-round. Copper pipes circulate coolant through the capsule walls, transferring heat into the ocean. This eliminates chillers, fans and freshwater use. In addition, the pods are maintenance-free, having been built with redundant servers and a nitrogen-rich atmosphere. Highlander Hailanyun is part of Beijing Highlander Data Technology Co., which was founded in 2001. They are backed by the National Green Development Fund, China's sovereign green-tech investment vehicle.
Naver invests in US wave-powered offshore data center startup Panthalassa. Aug 14, 2026 Posted by Abdul-Rahman Oladimeji Published in Naver Corp. South Korean cloud provider Naver has invested in US-based offshore wave-powered data center startup Panthalassa.The investment aims to strengthen Naver's position in next-generation AI data center technologies powered by renewable energy. The amount invested was not disclosed. Washington-based Panthalassa is developing Ocean-3, a floating, self-propelled data center platform that generates clean energy from ocean waves to power modular AI computing.The platform operates without anchors or cables, with compute results transmitted via satellite. Panthalassa says the technology could eventually deliver power at costs as low as $0.02 per kWh. The company plans to test Ocean-3 this year and aims to commercialize the platform in 2027. Naver is not the only company exploring offshore data centers. Floating wind company Aikido recently unveiled a platform combining offshore wind power with a modular AI data center. Naver operates public cloud services through Ncloud and Neurocloud and currently has three data centers in South Korea. Its Sejong facility is being expanded to 270MW, with completion expected in 2029. The company also signed a 25-year wind power purchase agreement with GS Wind Power in April to supply renewable energy to its Sejong and Chuncheon data centers.
Naver invests in US startup developing wave-powered AI data centers. By Lee Gyu-lee * Published Aug 13, 2026 3:39 pm KST Naver's headquarters in Seongnam, Gyeonggi Province / Yonhap Naver has invested in Panthalassa, a U.S. startup developing floating artificial intelligence (AI) data centers powered by ocean waves, as the tech giant moves to secure infrastructure to meet the rapidly growing demand for AI computing. The company on Thursday announced the investment without disclosing details such as the amount or the size of the stake it acquired. It said the investment is aimed at expanding its capabilities in next-generation AI data center technologies, including renewable energy-powered facilities. Founded in 2016, Panthalassa is a renewable energy startup developing floating data centers that use wave energy to generate electricity without relying on separate power plants or fuel, potentially helping meet the growing power demands of AI as demand for computing capacity surges. "Naver is rapidly securing differentiated data center infrastructure through global partnerships as we expand our business into AI data centers," Naver CEO Choi Soo-yeon said. "We will proactively invest in next-generation technologies such as wave-powered renewable energy AI data centers to strengthen our competitiveness on multiple fronts in the global AI infrastructure market." Panthalassa's floating Node platforms are designed to integrate power generation, AI computing and cooling into a single offshore facility. The setup could lower land and construction costs compared with conventional data centers, while using seawater to cool servers and reduce the energy needed for cooling. The platforms can also process AI workloads offshore without dedicated transmission infrastructure, with processed data sent back to land through low-Earth-orbit satellite networks such as Starlink. With lower latency than traditional satellite systems, low-Earth-orbit connectivity could support AI inference applications that require rapid data processing and responses, while allowing data centers to operate without undersea cables. Panthalassa has already tested its wave-powered prototypes, including Ocean-1 and Ocean-2, at sea. It plans to deploy its Ocean-3 pilot later this year ahead of commercial deployments targeted for 2027. The startup is led by co-founder and CEO Garth Sheldon-Coulson, a former Bridgewater Associates executive, and has drawn backing from a group of prominent tech investors. In May, it raised $140 million in a funding round led by Palantir co-founder Peter Thiel, with participation from Salesforce founder Marc Benioff and Hanwha Asset Management. Naver has been moving aggressively to secure AI infrastructure. It recently partnered with Nvidia to build a global AI factory and with Brookfield on an infrastructure investment of about $9 billion. The company expects its AI factory to begin generating revenue in the first half of 2027, starting at 55 megawatts and eventually scaling to gigawatt-level capacity. * Q. * Q. * Q. Lee Gyu-lee is a business writer at The Korea Times, focusing primarily on IT & telecommunications, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and KOTRA. Prior to this, she has covered a wide range of cultural news, from film, television and K-pop to lifestyle and fashion.
Naver has invested in Panthalassa, a US startup developing offshore AI data centres powered by wave energy. The investment amount was not disclosed. Founded in Oregon in 2016, Panthalassa is building floating AI data centres that generate electricity from ocean waves without requiring separate power plants or fuel. The company's floating node platforms integrate power generation, AI computation, and cooling functions. The offshore design eliminates land acquisition costs and uses seawater for server cooling, replacing energy-intensive cooling systems used in land-based facilities. Computation results are transmitted via low Earth orbit satellite networks like Starlink. Panthalassa has conducted sea trials with its Ocean-1 and Ocean-2 platforms and plans to deploy Ocean-3 this year, targeting commercialisation by 2027. In May, PayPal and Palantir co-founder Peter Thiel led a $140 million funding round. Salesforce founder Marc Benioff, venture capitalist John Doerr, Super Micro, and Hanwha Asset Management also participated.
Ocean-powered AI data center startup Panthalassa is reportedly raising $225M at nearly $2 billion valuation. AI's growing appetite for electricity has sent tech companies searching for energy almost everywhere. Panthalassa thinks one answer is sitting in plain sight: the ocean. The Portland, Oregon-based startup is reportedly raising about $225 million at a post-money valuation approaching $2 billion, according to The Information. The financing would roughly double Panthalassa's valuation just three months after a $140 million round pushed the company close to the $1 billion mark. The new round is reportedly being discussed with 8090 Industries and Hanwha Asset Management as co-leads, with other investors expected to participate. Hanwha backed Panthalassa's previous financing. "A startup that aims to run data centers with energy from ocean waves is in talks to double its valuation to $2 billion," The Information reported. The fundraising would put a striking price tag on one of the more unusual attempts to solve AI's infrastructure problem. Instead of building another giant data center and then finding enough electricity and cooling to keep it running, Panthalassa wants to move the computers to where both are abundant. That means putting AI servers at sea. TechStartups reported on Panthalassa in May after the Peter Thiel-backed startup raised $140 million in fresh funding at a valuation close to $1 billion. That round included investors such as John Doerr, Marc Benioff's TIME Ventures, Max Levchin's SciFi Ventures, Susquehanna Sustainable Investments, Hanwha Asset Management, Super Micro Computer, Gigascale Capital, and Lowercarbon Capital. Panthalassa wants to put AI compute where the waves are. Founded in 2016 by CEO Garth Sheldon-Coulson, Panthalassa has spent a decade developing large autonomous floating structures it calls nodes. Each is intended to convert wave movement into electricity and consume that electricity on-site to run GPUs. The concept turns the traditional data center model around. Rather than generating electricity offshore and sending it back to land through expensive subsea cables, Panthalassa plans to process AI workloads aboard its ocean nodes and transmit the resulting data through low-Earth-orbit satellite connections. A full-size node is expected to measure roughly 85 meters, or about 280 feet, with most of the steel structure submerged. Wave motion forces seawater through an internal system that drives a turbine. The company has said a node could generate roughly 1 megawatt continuously under suitable conditions. The ocean provides another benefit: cooling. Servers would sit inside sealed containers surrounded by cold seawater, reducing the need for the air-conditioning equipment and freshwater cooling systems common in large terrestrial data centers. Panthalassa says its system could eventually produce electricity for roughly 2 cents per kilowatt-hour and achieve capacity factors above 90%. Those figures remain company projections and will need to be demonstrated at commercial scale. "We've built a technology platform that operates in the planet's most energy-dense wave regions, far from shore, and turns that resource into reliable, clean power," Sheldon-Coulson said in May. The company has already built and tested smaller prototypes. Ocean-1 arrived in 2021, followed by sea trials of Ocean-2 off Washington state in 2024. Panthalassa has targeted its Ocean-3 generation for pilot deployment in the northern Pacific in 2026, followed by commercial operations in 2027. The timing helps explain investor interest. AI infrastructure spending has exploded as companies race to secure GPUs, electricity, land, cooling capacity, and grid connections. Some proposed data centers face years-long waits for grid access. Others have run into opposition over electricity consumption, water use, and their impact on local communities. Panthalassa proposes a very different tradeoff. Move compute offshore, generate electricity where it is consumed, use seawater for cooling, and transmit information instead of electricity. That sounds elegant on paper. The ocean gets the final vote. Saltwater corrosion, storms, marine growth, satellite connectivity, maintenance logistics, manufacturing costs, and environmental regulation could all complicate the economics. Wave energy has attracted ambitious projects for decades without reaching the scale achieved by solar and wind. Running fleets of autonomous data centers far offshore adds another layer of technical risk. Panthalassa is betting that mass production can change that equation. Its nodes are intended to be built largely from plate steel and self-propel to regions with favorable wave conditions, away from busy shipping routes. The company is structured as a public-benefit corporation and has recruited people with experience at SpaceX, Tesla, NASA, Google, Apple, Blue Origin, Boeing, and other engineering-heavy organizations. Peter Thiel framed the opportunity in characteristically large terms after the May financing. "The future demands more compute than we can imagine. Extraterrestrial solutions are no longer science fiction. Panthalassa has opened the ocean frontier." Investors now appear prepared to place an even larger bet on that frontier. If Panthalassa completes the reported $225 million raise near a $2 billion valuation, its worth will have roughly doubled in a matter of months, before its floating data centers have reached commercial deployment. That makes the next year far more consequential than the valuation itself. Panthalassa has spent a decade proving that its idea can work. Now it has to prove that AI data centers really belong at sea.